By Francis Wade
Thursday, July 2,
2015.
As business professionals, we often fall
into the trap of treating our colleagues as if they manage their time in the
same way. Recent research by Dr. Brigitte Claessens from the Netherlands
reveals the truth: professionals differ in the way they approach mid and
long-term tasks.
Let’s say that you are a manager
who has recently accepted a leadership role. Your new team’s capabilities would
be unknown, making you wonder how they will perform. Claessen’s research offers
important clues, revealing five work styles (A-E) that professionals use to
complete tasks.
A. The Early Action Worker
This person starts the job with a full-on attack, getting as much done as early
as possible, leaving precious little to do at the end.
B. The Early and End-Term Worker
Starting with a bang, this personality begins working immediately but loses
momentum quickly. As a result, they are forced to put in a supreme effort
to meet the deadline at the last moment.
C. The Constant Action Worker
This person acts in a steady manner during from the beginning to the end. Their
consistent effort makes them equally productive from start to finish.
D. The Mid-Term Action Worker
Someone with this style starts slowly and increases their effort so that it
peaks at the middle of the project. Between the middle and end, their effort
falls off as their workload decreases.
E. The Deadline Action Worker
This individual also starts slowly but increases their effort so that by the
end of the task they are running at full throttle.
In recent speeches, I have
explained these five styles, asking audiences to rank order them with regards
to the general population. I have used two questions: “Which styles are more
productive than the others?” and “Which styles can be found more frequently
than others?”
From the answers I have
received, I have learned that we don’t possess an intuitive grasp of Claessen’s
findings. Here they are in a nutshell.
Finding 1: The least productive
is Style B. The full rank order from low to high is B < E < D < A <
C
Finding 2: The least frequent of
these styles is D. The rank order is from D(13%) < E(17%) < A(17%) <
C(23%) < B(31%)
If you spend a moment studying
these results you may find a few surprises. Based on these findings, there are
a few things supervisors and project managers should do to prepare themselves
for a reality they may not be currently managing.
Reality #1 – there’s some bad
news… the least productive style (B) happens to be the most frequent. This may
explain why the “planning fallacy” (where we routinely underestimate how long
tasks take) is so common. As a manager of other people this may come as a
shock. Most of your people (almost a third) are likely to get you into big
trouble if left to their own devices. Perhaps, like most professionals, you
have a tendency to relax in the middle of a project, believing that the early indications
of effort are reliable. This is a huge mistake, as the results indicate that
you should be planning to launch a major engagement effort in the middle of the
project to prevent later disaster.
Reality #2 – how people end, not
start their tasks, is more important. The second finding shows that the least
productive are those who wait for a looming deadline to put in their hardest
effort. As their manager, you probably know that they cause you the most
anxiety. Both of the least productive performers (B and C) show this tendency.
A recent study conducted at
Warwick Business School backs up this finding. Drs. Arnott and Dacko discovered
that students who submitted their essays at the last minute receive, on
average, lower grades.
Some may say that you are being
pessimistic if you expect low performance before even meeting your team for the
first time. However, the science is clear, pointing to an unproductive reality
that must be confronted.
The savvy manager can use
anecdotal evidence to determine who appears to use a particular style. Yet,
there are more rigorous methods. The 11 forms provided in my book are examples
of the kind of assessments anyone can use to gain deeper insight into their
skills in this area. If you can enrol your employees in completing them, you’ll
both know where an employee’s strengths and weaknesses lie and what to do about
them.
So far, no-one has come up with
a similar assessment tool for Claessens’ 5 styles’ but her study provides
important, early insights that can’t be ignored. These clues can make the
difference between your success or failure, which is built on the habits your
team members use every day. You need not be caught unawares: instead, bring an
informed, nuanced approach to managing their time-based performance.
Francis Wade is the author of
Perfect Time-Based Productivity and a management consultant. To receive a free
Summary of each of his past articles, send email to columns@fwconsulting.com
